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Showing posts with label Tanzania. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Tanzania. Show all posts

Saturday, September 17, 2022

Education sector policies and their role in the integration of workplace learning and higher education: A case of Tanzania’s higher technical and engineering education [Scholarly Article - Journal of Adult Learning, Knowledge and Innovation, 2022]

Title:
Education sector policies and their role in the integration of workplace learning and higher education: A case of Tanzania’s higher technical and engineering education
 
Authors:
James Elikana Mmari, Zsuzsa Kovács & Csaba Kálmán
 
Published:
Journal of Adult Learning, Knowledge and Innovation, Volume 4, Issue 2, 1 February 2022
 
Abstract:
Tanzania’s education system has been passing through different changes in its policies and strategic implementation plans. As a result, improvements in various areas, such as increased students’ enrolment rate, improved pass rates, and improved infrastructure at all levels have been realized. This pilot study aimed at understanding the awareness and perception of policymakers, employers, instructors, and students of the importance of policies in integrating workplace learning and technical higher education. With the main question being, how stakeholders in the education sector perceive the importance of policies in integrating workplace learning and technical higher education. In order to answer the above question, a qualitative study with semi-structured interviews was conducted with policymakers, employers, instructors, and students. Most of the interviewees stated that policies have significant roles in ensuring the smooth integration and implementation of these two learning modes. On the other side, several challenges were mentioned in policy implementation and realization of the strategic plans. These challenges were categorized as those related to the public’s and students’ awareness and readiness, financial constraints, educational institutes’ readiness, and operationalization of the organizations and educational institutes. From this pilot study, insightful information is gained on the importance of having policies that take into account all main stakeholders in higher education.
 

Thursday, March 24, 2022

Wealth, Power And Institutional Change in Tanzania’s Parliament Get access Arrow [Scholarly Article - African Affairs, 2022]

Title: 
Wealth, Power And Institutional Change in Tanzania’s Parliament Get access Arrow  Author: Michaela Collord 
 
Published: 
African Affairs, Volume 121, Issue 482, 5 January 2022, Pages 1–28
 
Abstract: 
Tanzania’s legislature, or Bunge, has undergone considerable change in recent decades, gradually strengthening to attain unprecedented influence during Jakaya Kikwete’s presidency (2005–2015) only to decline again under President John Magufuli (2015–2021). This article investigates Bunge’s institutional evolution, asking what explains institutional change within an authoritarian legislature, dominated in this case by the ruling party, Chama Cha Mapinduzi. Building on recent literature highlighting the influence of elite contestation on legislative outcomes, the article seeks to go further by probing the nature and origins of the elite factions driving legislative institutional change. It uses insights from a recent political settlements literature, as well as older work on African political economy, to outline how changes to Tanzania’s Parliament have both reflected—and magnified—shifting patterns of elite contestation within CCM. These elite power struggles, in turn, vary with changes in the extent of private wealth accumulation and the related expansion of rival patron–client factions. When private accumulation has continued relatively uninhibited, as was true under Kikwete but not Magufuli, then factional contestation intensified and surfaced in parliament, helping to drive legislative institutional strengthening. For this analysis, I use interview and archival data gathered during extensive fieldwork.
 

Friday, December 31, 2021

Intensive Agriculture as Climate Change Adaptation? Economic and Environmental Tradeoffs in Securing Rural Livelihoods in Tanzanian River Basins [Frontiers in Environmental Science, November 2021]

Title:
Intensive Agriculture as Climate Change Adaptation? Economic and Environmental Tradeoffs in Securing Rural Livelihoods in Tanzanian River Basins 
 
Author:
Idil Ires
Faculty of Humanities or Social Sciences, Humboldt University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
King’s College London, London, United Kingdom 
 
Published:
Frontiers in Environmental Science, 26 November 2021
 
From the abstract:
Tanzania is one of the East African countries most vulnerable to climate change impacts. Droughts and floods in 2015–16 had devastating effects on food production, crop failures and livestock deaths reaching record levels. One of the underlying projects of the Tanzanian government to mitigate these impacts is the Southern Agricultural Growth Corridors of Tanzania (SAGCOT), an area spanning the country’s largest river basin, the Rufiji, where it collaborates with national and transnational companies to intensify irrigated crop production. Irrigation, drought-tolerant seeds, and employment are three of the key government-advised strategies to help smallholders increase crop yield, adapt to climate change, and alleviate poverty through the corridor. However, little research is available on whether these goals have been achieved. This paper aims to contribute to the literature by assessing harvest and income levels following the 2015–16 drought.
 

Tuesday, June 22, 2021

TANZANIA - Official: Tanzania to offer alternative education for school dropouts including pregnant girls [Today, June 2021]

Title:
Official: Tanzania to offer alternative education for school dropouts including pregnant girls
 
Published:
Today, 22 June 2021
 
From the article:
Secondary school drop-outs in Tanzania will be offered the opportunity to resume studies in alternative colleges, the government said on Tuesday, part of a shift away from a disputed policy under which pregnant girls were expelled from school.

Saturday, June 12, 2021

TANZANIA - Albinism in Tanzania: what can be done to break the stigma (by T de Groot) [The Conversation, June 2021]

Title:
Albinism in Tanzania: what can be done to break the stigma
 
Author:
Tjitske de Groot
Researcher and Lecturer, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel
 
Published:
The Conversation, 11 June 2021
 
From the article:
In Tanzania, a variety of local myths surround albinism. For example, people with albinism are believed to be ghosts and their body parts are said to bring good fortune. This myth caused the killing of many people with albinism for their body parts. Between 2000 and 2019 in Tanzania, 76 people with albinism were killed and 182 people survived physical attacks.
 

Thursday, December 31, 2020

Scholarly Article - Decolonizing forestry: overcoming the symbolic violence of forestry education in Tanzania / Décolonisation de la foresterie: dépasser la violence symbolique de l’enseignement de la foresterie en Tanzanie

Title:
Decolonizing forestry: overcoming the symbolic violence of forestry education in Tanzania / Décolonisation de la foresterie: dépasser la violence symbolique de l’enseignement de la foresterie en Tanzanie
 
Authors:
Eliezari Sungusia, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
Jens Friis Lund, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
Yonika Ngaga, Sokoine University of Agrculture, Tanzania
 
Published:
Critical African Studies, 29 September 2020
 
Abstract:
Colonialism is in the past, yet its legacy lingers on. The widespread reliance across many post-colonial nations on scientific forestry principles that originate in 18th century Central Europe is an example of this. In this paper, we examine why these scientific forestry principles from a colonial past have persisted until the present, despite their demonstrated failures and contradictions when applied in contexts of complex socio-ecologies comprised by species-diverse multiple-use forests. We argue that the persistence is explained partly by how forestry curriculum and pedagogy tend to preserve, rather than disrupt, the core tenets of scientific forestry. We base this argument on a study of the forestry education at the Sokoine University of Agriculture, Tanzania. Through curriculum review, observations, interviews, and personal experiences, we examine the forestry education curriculum and pedagogy. We find that the curriculum is characterized by an overwhelming flow of readings and an absence of contrasting ideas to the scientific forestry paradigm, and teaching and exam forms emphasise rote learning over reflection. These features of the education impart on students a scientific forestry habitus by, among other things, suppressing other forms of knowledge and limiting the scope for curiosity and critical questioning of the curriculum. In sum, the forestry education amounts to symbolic violence by imposing on foresters one particular way of thinking and doing forestry and enabling misrecognition of the violence wrought by the practices based on this imposed way of doing forestry. We end by outlining some central tenets of an alternative to scientific forestry and call for an urgently needed process of decolonizing the forestry academy in Tanzania and beyond.  
 
Le colonialisme est derrière nous, et pourtant il en reste des traces. La dépendance très étendue dans de nombreuses nations postcoloniales sur les principes de foresterie scientifique ayant leur source dans l’Europe centrale du 18ème siècle en est un exemple. Dans cet article, nous examinons pourquoi ces principes de foresterie scientifique d’un passé colonial ont persisté jusqu’à présent, malgré la preuve de leur échec et de leur contradictions lorsqu’ils sont appliqués dans des contextes de socio-écologie complexe constitués de forêts à usage multiples avec une diversité d’espèces. Nous avançons que la persistance s’explique en partie par la façon dont le programme forestier et la pédagogie ont tendance à préserver plutôt qu’à perturber les préceptes principaux de foresterie scientifique. Nous appuyons cet argument sur une étude de l’éducation forestière à l’Université agricole de Sokoine, en Tanzanie. A travers un passage en revue du curriculum, des observations, des entretiens et des expériences personnelles, nous examinons le programme et la pédagogie de l’éducation forestière. Nous découvrons que le programme est caractérisé par un flux énorme de lectures et l’absence d’idées contrastant avec le paradigme de foresterie scientifique, et que l’enseignement et les formes d’examens mettent l’accent sur l’apprentissage du métier plutôt que sur la réflexion. Ces caractéristiques de l’éducation confèrent aux étudiants un habitus en matière de foresterie scientifique, entre autres en supprimant d’autres formes de connaissance et en limitant la portée de la curiosité et du questionnement critique du programme. Pour résumer, l’éducation forestière représente une violence symbolique car elle impose aux forestiers un type particulier de pensée et de pratique de l’exploitation forestière et ne permet pas de reconnaitre la violence forgée par les pratiques fondées sur cette façon imposée de pratiquer l’exploitation forestière. Nous finissons en soulignant les préceptes principaux d’une alternative à la foresterie scientifique et soulignons l’urgence du besoin d’un processus pour décoloniser l’académie de foresterie en Tanzanie et au-delà.
 

Friday, November 27, 2020

University of Cambridge - Spill-over effects show prioritizing education of very poorest improves attainment of all [Science Daily, 20 November 2020]

Title:
Spill-over effects show prioritizing education of very poorest improves attainment of all
 
Source:
University of Cambridge
 
Published:
Science Daily, 20 November 2020

Summary:
International development projects that target the education of the world's very poorest children also significantly improve other young people's attainment, research indicates. The findings are based on a study of a program targeting marginalized girls in Tanzania, which showed the attainment of other boys and girls at these pupils' schools significantly improved through 'spill-over' effects. For every $100 spent per girl, all students made the equivalent of two years of learning gains.